The Contemporary Middle East: A Westview Reader by Karl Yambert

Author:Karl Yambert [Yambert, Karl]
Language: eng
Format: epub, mobi
ISBN: 9780813348407
Publisher: Westview Press
Published: 2012-11-13T05:00:00+00:00

Impacts on Iraq

The invasion removed a brutal regime, freeing Iraq from a personality cult reflected in numerous statues and public portraits of the leader, and from a one-party political system that stressed Arab identity for a nation that in reality was multiethnic. In addition, economic sanctions against Iraq that had been in effect since the 1991 Gulf War were removed.

Sectarian Violence and Refugees

The invasion led to sectarian violence, resulting in many thousands of Iraqis fleeing their homes to live among coreligionists in segregated neighborhoods. By September 2007 the Iraqi Red Crescent humanitarian organization indicated that in Baghdad alone almost 1 million people had relocated. The total internal displacement was about 2.3 million in 2008. In addition, as many as 2 million left Iraq for other countries, mainly Syria and Jordan.

Syria, a country of only 19 million, became the destination of about 1.2 million Iraqi refugees. Refugee families were often female-headed because husbands or brothers had been killed. Poverty forced thousands of young Iraqi women to turn to prostitution to support their mothers and siblings or their own children, attracting sex tourists from wealthy Middle Eastern countries, such as Saudi Arabia.

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